Standard in Ieee Project 802 Family of Standards

IEEE 802 is a collection of networking standards that cover the physical and data-link layer specifications for technologies such as Ethernet and wireless. These specifications use to local area networks (LAN) and metropolitan area networks (MAN). IEEE 802 also aids in ensuring multi-vendor interoperability by promoting standards for vendors to follow.

Essentially, the IEEE 802 standards help brand certain internet services and technologies follow a gear up of recommended practices then network devices tin can all work together smoothly.

IEEE 802 is divided into 22 parts that cover the physical and information-link aspects of networking. The family unit of standards is developed and maintained by the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee, besides called the LMSC. IEEE stands for Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

The set of standards started in 1979 with a "local network for computer interconnection" standard, which was approved a year later. The LMSC has made more than 70 standards for IEEE 802.

Some commonly used standards include those for Ethernet, bridging and virtual bridged LANs, wireless LAN, wireless PAN, Human and radio admission networks as well as media contained handover services. The better-known specifications include 802.3 Ethernet, 802.11 Wi-Fi and 802.15 Bluetooth/ZigBee. Nonetheless, some of these standards have been labeled as disbanded or hibernating and are either superseded by newer standards or are being reworked. Using an open up process, the LMSC advocates for these standards globally.

Private "working groups" are decided on and assigned to each area in order to provide each area with an acceptable corporeality of focus. IEEE 802 specifications also split the information link layer into ii different layers -- an LLC layer and a MAC layer.

Standards tin can be found in a PDF provided by the LMSC for up to six months later they have been published. All standards stay in place until they are replaced with another document or withdrawn.

Why IEEE 802 standards are of import

LMSC was formed in 1980 in social club to standardize network protocols and provide a path to make compatible devices across numerous industries.

Without these standards, equipment suppliers could manufacture network hardware that would only connect to certain computers. Information technology would exist much more hard to connect to systems not using the same set of networking equipment. Standardizing protocols help ensure that multiple types of devices tin connect to multiple network types. It also helps make sure network management isn't the challenge it could be if it wasn't in identify.

IEEE 802 volition also coordinate with other international standards, such as ISO, to assist maintain international standards.

In addition, the "802" in IEEE 802 does not stand for anything with high significance. 802 was just the next numbered project.

Examples of IEEE 802 uses

The IEEE 802 specifications tin can be used by commercial organizations to ensure their products maintain whatever newly specified standards. And then, for example, the 802.11 specification that applies to Wi-Fi could be used to make sure Wi-Fi devices work together under i standard. In the same way, IEE 802 can help maintain local area network standards.

These specifications tin likewise define what connectivity infrastructure volition be used for -- private networks, or those at a larger organizational scale.

The IEEE 802 specifications utilise to hardware and software products. So, to ensure manufacturers don't accept any input on the standards, there is a voting protocol in place. This makes sure that one organization does not influence the standards too much.

Working groups

The working groups are the different areas of focus inside the 802 specifications. They are numbered from 802.1 onward.

802	Overview	Basics of concrete and logical networking concepts.
802.one	Bridging	LAN/Human being bridging and direction. Covers management and the lower sub-layers of OSI Layer ii, including MAC-based bridging (Media Access Control), virtual LANs and port-based access control. This also contains the time-sensitive networking task grouping.
802.2	Logical Link	Disbanded
802.3	Ethernet	"Grandaddy" of the 802 specifications. Provides asynchronous networking using "carrier sense, multiple access with collision find" (CSMA/CD) over coax, twisted-pair copper and optical fiber media. Current speeds range from 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps. Check on the usually used listing of 802.3 technologies.
802.iv	Token Motorbus	Disbanded
802.5	Token Ring	Disbanded
802.six	Distributed queue dual jitney (DQDB)	Superseded. Revision of 802.1D. Superseded past 802.1D-2004.
802.7	Broadband LAN Practices	Disbanded
802.8	Cobweb Optic Practices	Disbanded
802.9	Integrated Services LAN	Disbanded
802.10	Interoperable LAN security	Disbanded
802.11	Wi-Fi	Wireless LAN Media Access Command and Physical Layer specification. 802.11a, b, chiliad, etc. are amendments to the original 802.11 standard. Products that implement 802.11 standards must pass tests and are referred to as "Wi-Fi certified."
802.11a		Specifies a PHY that operates in the five Ghz U-NII ring in the U.s.a. -- initially 5.xv-5.35 AND 5.725-5.85 -- since expanded to additional frequencies Uses Orthogonal Frequency-Sectionalization Multiplexing Enhanced data speed to 54 Mbps Ratified after 802.11b
802.11b		Enhancement to 802.11 that added higher data charge per unit modes to the DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) already defined in the original 802.eleven standard Boosted data speed to 11 Mbps 22 MHz Bandwidth yields three non-overlaping channels in the frequency range of 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz Beacons at i Mbps, falls back to 5.5, 2, or i Mbps from xi Mbps max.
802.11d		Enhancement to 802.11a and 802.11b that allows for global roaming Particulars can be set at MAC layer
802.11e		Enhancement to 802.xi that includes quality of service (QoS) features Facilitates prioritization of data, voice and video transmissions
802.11g		Extends the maximum information rate of WLAN devices that operate in the 2.4 GHz ring, in a fashion that permits interoperation with 802.11b devices Uses OFDM Modulation (Orthogonal FDM) Operates at upwards to 54 megabits per second (Mbps), with fall-back speeds that include the "b" speeds
802.11h		Enhancement to 802.11a that resolves interference issues Dynamic frequency selection (DFS) Transmit power control (TPC)
802.11i		Enhancement to 802.11 that offers additional security for WLAN applications Defines stronger encryption, authentication and fundamental exchange, as well as options for primal caching and pre-authentication
802.11j		Japanese regulatory extensions to 802.11a specification Frequency range 4.9 GHz to 5.0 GHz
802.11k		Radio resource measurements for networks using 802.xi family specifications
802.11m		Maintenance of 802.11 family unit specifications Corrections and amendments to existing documentation
802.11n		Higher-speed standards Several competing and non-uniform technologies; oftentimes called "pre-n" Top speeds claimed of 108, 240 and 350+ MHz Competing proposals come from the groups, EWC, TGn Sync, and WWiSE and are all variations based on MIMO (multiple input, multiple output)
802.11x		Misused "generic" term for 802.11 family specifications
802.12	Need Priority	Disbanded
802.13	Non used	Non used
802.fourteen	Cable modems	Disbanded
802.fifteen	Wireless Personal Area Networks	Communications specification that was approved in early 2002 by the IEEE for wireless personal expanse networks (WPANs).
802.15.1	Bluetooth	Short range (10 m) wireless technology for cordless mouse, keyboard and wireless headphones at 2.4 GHz.
802.15.3a	UWB	Short-range, loftier-bandwidth "ultra wideband" link
802.15.four	ZigBee	Short-range wireless sensor networks
802.15.5	Mesh Network	Extension of network coverage without increasing the transmit power or the receiver sensitivity Enhanced reliability via route redundancy Easier network configuration - Improve device battery life
802.xvi	Wireless Metropolitan Expanse Networks	Hibernating. This covers Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access methods that are used to create Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks. Connects Base Stations to the Internet using OFDM in unlicensed (900 MHz, 2.4, 5.8 GHz) or licensed (700 MHz, ii.five - 3.half-dozen GHz) frequency bands. Products that implement 802.16 standards can undergo WiMAX> certification testing.
802.17	Resilient Package Ring	Disbanded
802.18	Radio Regulatory TAG	Supports IEEE 802 LMSC and IEEE 802 wireless Working Groups. Actively participates in and monitors radio regulatory matters.
802.19	Coexistence	Makes standards for coexistence between different wireless standards for unlicensed devices.
802.xx	Mobile Broadband Wireless Access	Disbanded
802.21	Media Independent Handoff	Hibernating. Enables optimization of higher layer services. This includes IoT and handover services -- specifically between IEEE 802 networks.
802.22	Wireless Regional Area Network	Hibernating. Creates a standard to enable spectrum sharing.
802.23	Emergency Services Working Group	Disbanded
802.24	Vertical Applications Technical Advisory Group (TAG)	Focused on application categories which utilise IEEE 802 Standards, or use multiple work groups. For these, 802.24 acts every bit a point of contact with other organizations focused on other IEEE 802 standards. 802.24 can too serve as a resource for understanding the IEEE 802 standards by developing white papers and other documents.

Check here for a list of disbanded and hibernating standards.

All the 802.11 specifications use the Ethernet protocol and Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Abstention (CSMA/CA) for path sharing. The original modulation used in 802.11 was phase-shift keying (PSK). Yet, other schemes, such as complementary lawmaking keying (CCK), are used in some of the newer specifications. The newer modulation methods provide higher data speed and reduced vulnerability to interference.

This was last updated in October 2020

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